Behavior therapy is the application of various techniques and procedures rooted in various theories of learning. These include the application of Terpi systematic principles of learning in changing the behaviour of kea rah ways that are more adaptive. Therapy
The term behavior therapy or counseling behavioristik from the United Kingdom to Behavior Counseling was first used by Jhon d. Krumboln (1964). Krumboln is the main promoter in applying the approach of behavioristik counseling, though he continued to flow that already started in the 1950s, as a reaction to the liveries counseling regarding personal relationships, between the counselor and counseling as components that are absolutely necessary and sufficient to provide psychological help to someone.
According to the Marquis, behavior therapy is a technique that applies the information-scientific information in order to find a human problem solving. So the behaviour is focused on how people learn and the conditions that determine their behaviour.
2. the concept of Behavior Therapy
Where the Foundation footing this behavior therapy approach, i.e. behavioristik, this approach assumes that "human beings are basically shaped and defined by its cultural and social environment. All human behavior is learned ". This is an assumption of behavioristik radical. Yet another IE behavioristik behavioristik contemporary, which is a development of the radical behavioristik considered that each individual actually has the potential to choosing what to play. This is contrary to the principles of radical behavioris, get rid of the possibility of determining individual self. However, despite that, the two remained Behaviorism focuses on the core of Behaviorism itself that is how people learn and the conditions that determine their behaviour.
The main concept of this behavior therapy are beliefs about human dignity, as are philosophy and partly psychological, i.e. in the factory
Humans are basically immoral is good or bad, good or bad. Humans have the potential to behave well or bad, right or wrong based on the lack of offspring, and the environment (nativism and empiricism), formed patterns behave that characterize the typical traits of his personality.
Human beings are able to reflect upon his own behavior, capturing what it does and set as well as controlling their behaviour themselves.
Human beings are able to acquire and form his own behaviour patterns through a new process of learning. If the old patterns were formed through learning, patterns that can be replaced through the effort of learning new ones.
d. humans can affect the behavior of others and himself influenced by the behavior of others.
A. Application Of Behavior Therapy
There are six techniques in the application of behavior therapy, namely:
Training, Relaxation techniques to cope with the stress experienced in everyday life, which often manifested by simtom psychosomatic, high blood pressure and heart problems, migraine, asthma and insomnia. The purpose of this method is for muscle relaxation and mental. In This technique, the client is asked to relax and take a passive position in his environment while scrunching and merilekskan muscle in turn. This can be done by pulling a breath in and regularly while membanyangkan things that are fun.
Systemic Desensitisasi, a matching technique to deal with phobias-phobia, but can also be applied to the handling of anxiety-producing situations such as interpersonal situations, fear of facing exams, fear-the fear, anxiety-generalized anxiety neuroses as well as impotence and sexual frigidity. This technique involves relaxation where the client is trained to casual and relaxed circumstances with the plant experiences imaginable or anxiety divisualisasi. Those situations are presented in a series of very non-threatening to the very threatening. Levels of anxiety-producing stimulus-stimulus pairing repeatedly with stimulus-stimulus-producing State santai until the link between stimulus-stimulus-response to these worries and anxiety to be deleted.
Asertif exercise therapy techniques, it is the procedures that use the game's role in therapy. Asertif exercise this will help for those who:
Not being able to express the anger\/feeling offended
Showing excessive politeness and always encourage others to forego
Has difficulty to say ' no '
Have difficulty expressing affection and other positive response-response
Feel no right to have their feelings and thoughts on its own
The focus of this therapy is to practise the skills-skills mix is obtained through role playing so that individuals are expected to be able to overcome ketidakmemadaiannya and learning express feelings and thoughts they openly accompanied kenyakinan that they are entitled to show the reactions that opens it.
4. Pencontohan (modelling methods), through the learning process of observation, the clients can learn to perform the desired actions without the learning process of trial-and-error. The technique can be made to modify behaviour. For example, someone who is afraid of snakes, hence his fear can be eliminated or reduced by looking at the other people who are not afraid to face the snakes.
5. Self-Management Programs, this technique attempts to unify the cognitive element in the process of behavior change, assuming that the most klienlah know what they need. Counsellors who consider whether therapy sessions are going well or not, here is the Counselor of mediators. Self-directed Behavior, is a technique where behavior change directed at myself the client itself. Klienlah must feel that this therapy is essential to address the problem. For example, in the problem of obesity. Things that can be done, for example, ask the client to write the changes to the program itself in the diari. What time and how many times he would eat. If he does not succeed, it had to write down my feelings and causes of such things in the diarinya. Or if the program has been run, the client can provide a gift to himself for example go shopping.
6. Multimodal therapy, based on the assumption that the more knowledge the client during therapy will be the less likely clients will experience problems. This technique uses a BASICID approach (behavior, affective response, sensations, images, cognitions, interpersonal relationships, and drugs\/biology).
B. The Purpose Of Behavior Therapy
There are several goals by Handojo therapy needs to be determined and remembered as follows
a. active two-way Communication
They can perform parallel conversations, can throw things that are funny. This goal should always be kept in mind, so that his son can continue to be improved to as or close to a normal person's ability.
b. Socialization into a common environment
After the children are able to communicate, do the things that add to the generalization. Generalizations concerning the subject or others, the instruction, the object, the response of children and different environments.
c. eliminate or minimize unnatural behavior
Strange behavior need to be immediately removed before the age of 5 years, so as not to interfere with the child's social life as an adult. Many more parents prioritize things academic, but negligent in handling the behavior that is not natural.
d. teach the academic material
Academic ability is heavily dependent on the intelligentsia or the IQ of the child. If a child's IQ is not included are below normal, the academic ability is also definitely not difficult to develop.
e. ability to help himself or herself and other skills to bina
This is a capability that is also needed for each individual, so that the things that are personal, are able to work on his own without the help of others. Eating, drinking, putting up and taking off clothes and so on.
In addition to the larger child can be taught other skills such as swimming, painting, cooking, olag raga and so on. These skills will be very useful, as well as motor exercises, as well as to foster the child's talents, and can fill up the whole time.
General purpose i.e. create new conditions for learning. Assuming that pemeblajaran can fix the problem behavior. While the contemporary behaviour therapy emphasizes the active role in deciding about treatment of clients.
Whereas the purpose of behavior therapy, according to a new process is created the Supriadi for the learning process, because their whole behaviour was studied. There are some misconceptions about the purpose of behavior therapy, among other
That the purpose of therapy solely eliminate the symptoms of a disorder behavior and after the symptoms disappear, new symptoms would appear because the cause is not addressed.
The purpose of the client specified by the dipaksanakan and behavior therapy.
C. Criticism For Behavior Therapy
Behavior therapy does not handle the cause-the cause, but rather manangani to symptoms
Therapy of behavior does not apply to people who are functioning relatively high levels
Behavior therapy can be applied only on anxiety-anxiety, phobias-specific phobias and the problems of a limited modification of the behaviour is not functioning Behaviour modification work "too good"
Behavior therapy could change the behavior, but it doesn't change the feelings
Overlook the importance of behaviour therapy relationship therapist the client in therapist
Behavior therapy does not provide any insight. Due to the frequent, behaviour therapy does not focus on the past clients so often the therapist does not discuss it in spite of actual therapist knows the problem. Ignoring the causes of behaviour therapy-the historical causes of the behavior now
A. Conclusions
Behavior therapy approach is the application of various techniques and procedures that are based on different theories about learning in modifying the behaviour of enterprises. In the settlement of the problem, the problem should be dispesifikkan condition.
In the application of behaviour therapy there are six techniques, including:
Relaxation Training,
Desensitisasi, Systemic
Practice Asertif,
Pencontohan (modelling methods),
Self-Management Programs,
Multimodal Therapy.
Behavior therapy can be applied only on anxiety-anxiety, phobias-specific phobias and the problems of a limited modification of the behaviour is not functioning Behaviour modification work "too good"
Behavior therapy could change the behavior, but it doesn't change the feelings
Overlook the importance of behaviour therapy relationship therapist the client in therapist
Behavior therapy does not provide any insight. Due to the frequent, behaviour therapy does not focus on the past clients so often the therapist does not discuss it in spite of actual therapist knows the problem. Ignoring the causes of behaviour therapy-the historical causes of the behavior now
A. Conclusions
Behavior therapy approach is the application of various techniques and procedures that are based on different theories about learning in modifying the behaviour of enterprises. In the settlement of the problem, the problem should be dispesifikkan condition.
In the application of behaviour therapy there are six techniques, including:
Relaxation Training,
Desensitisasi, Systemic
Practice Asertif,
Pencontohan (modelling methods),
Self-Management Programs,
Multimodal Therapy.
According to there are five goals of therapy Handojo behaviour, namely:
Two-way communication is enabled,
Socialization into a common environment,
Eliminate or minimize unnatural behaviour,
Teach academic content,
Ability to help oneself or other skills and bina. But in general the aim of therapy is behavior that is creating new conditions for learning. Assuming that pemeblajaran can fix the problem behavior. While the contemporary behaviour therapy emphasizes the active role in deciding about treatment of clients.
